Epithalon and Pinealon are two of the short synthetic peptides from the Khavinson bioregulator series, a family of two to four residue sequences studied for binding to DNA and effects on gene expression in cell models. Epithalon is a tetrapeptide and Pinealon is a tripeptide. This page compares the two and places them beside the other members of the series that NuVion stocks.
At a glance
| Peptide | Sequence | Code | Length | NuVion vial size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epithalon | Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly | AEDG | 4 | 10mg |
| Pinealon | Glu-Asp-Arg | EDR | 3 | 20mg |
| Bronchogen | Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu | AEDL | 4 | 20mg |
| Cardiogen | Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg | AEDR | 4 | 20mg |
| Thymogen | Glu-Trp | EW | 2 | 20mg |
Structure
The sequences overlap closely. Epithalon is Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly. Pinealon is Glu-Asp-Arg, so the two share the central Glu-Asp pair, and Pinealon swaps the outer residues for a single arginine. Cardiogen, Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg, contains the whole of the Pinealon sequence with an alanine in front. Bronchogen differs from Epithalon and Cardiogen only at the fourth residue.
All of them are small, acidic and built from natural L-amino acids with no modifications. Their size is the reason they are named by one-letter code as often as by trade name.
Mechanism at the cell level
The series is studied for sequence-specific interaction with DNA and histones and for changes in gene expression that follow. Epithalon is used in fibroblast culture in work on telomerase expression and telomere length. Pinealon is used in neuronal culture in work on gene expression and the cellular response to oxidative stress. The shared Glu-Asp core is one reason the two are compared directly.
Where each is used in research
- Epithalon: telomerase expression and telomere length assays in fibroblast cultures
- Pinealon: gene expression and oxidative stress readouts in neuronal cultures
- Bronchogen and Cardiogen: DNA binding and tissue-specific gene expression assays in epithelial and cardiomyocyte models
- The series: structure-activity comparisons across near-identical short sequences
Supplied by NuVion
NuVion stocks all five in Australia as lyophilised vials: Epithalon in 10mg, and Pinealon, Bronchogen, Cardiogen and Thymogen in 20mg. Epithalon and Pinealon are sold together in separate vials as the Pineal Peptide Pair. Published certificates are shown on each product page and in the COA library.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between Epithalon and Pinealon?
Epithalon is the tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly and Pinealon is the tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg. They share the Glu-Asp pair in the middle and differ at the ends.
Is Epithalon the same as Epitalon?
Yes. Epitalon, Epithalone and AEDG peptide are other names for the same tetrapeptide.
Are these products therapeutic goods in Australia?
No. NuVion’s Epithalon, Pinealon, Bronchogen, Cardiogen and Thymogen are laboratory chemicals for in vitro research. They are not included in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods, have not been assessed by the Therapeutic Goods Administration, and are not for human or veterinary use.
Research use only. These products are laboratory chemicals supplied for in vitro research. They are not included in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods and have not been assessed by the Therapeutic Goods Administration for quality, safety or efficacy. They are not for human or veterinary use, and nothing on this page is a representation about therapeutic use.